1. The Cambridge ladies : Cambridge, Massachusetts, is the home of Harvard University, where the nineteenth-century poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow taught (it was also the alma mater of cummings). Cummings views the Cambridge ladies (perhaps in contrast to their pioneer ancestors) as upper class but spiritually empty. Their lifelessness is immediately apparent: ‘furnished’ and _____?
A:) comfortable
B:) Safe
C:) Spartan
D:) Un Boxing
A:) comfortable
2. Edward Estlin Cummings (October 14, 1894 – September 3, 1962), often styled as e e cummings, was an American poet, painter, essayist, author, and playwright. He wrote approximately 2,900 poems, two autobiographical novels. How many plays he wrote?
A:) two
B:) three
C:) four
D:) five
C:) four
3. To Brooklyn Bridge’ by Hart Crane begins with a personification in the very first line. Here, the poet personifies the Brooklyn bridge as if it’s a human being. In ‘white rings of tumult’, the poet uses a _____?
A:) metaphor
B:) ironic
C:) Apostrophe
D:) Metonymy
A:) metaphor
4. The Brooklyn Bridge ; In the second stanza, there is a simile in the line, ‘As apparitional as sails that cross’. The following stanza presents the metaphor of the ‘flashing scene’ of a cinema to compare the sight of the bridge. Apart from that, the poet extensively uses enjambment for establishing a connection between the stanzas just like the Brooklyn bridge. Moreover, in the fourth stanza, the poet personifies the _______?
A:) Sky
B:) Road
C:) sun
D:) Bridge
C:) sun
5. The Brooklyn Bridge: It is worth noting the use of ellipsis in this poem. By using this device the poet associates a sense of continuity. The bridge was there even before the poet saw it. It will be there in the future too. Hence, the bridge acts as a symbol of eternity to the poet. At last, the poet using an ____?
A:) apostrophe
B:) Hyperbole
C:) personification
D:) Metaphor
A:) apostrophe
6. The Bridge, first published in 1930 by the Black Sun Press, is Hart Crane's first, and only, attempt at a long poem. Its primary status as either an epic or a series of ________ ?
A:) narrative poem
B:) free verse
C:) lyrical poems
D:) epigram
C:) lyrical poems
7. The Bridge was inspired by New York City's ‘poetry landmark’ , the Brooklyn Bridge. Crane lived for some time at 110 Columbia Heights in Brooklyn, where he had an excellent view of the bridge; only after The Bridge was finished did Crane learn that one of its key builders, Washington Roebling. The first edition of the book features photographs by Crane's friend, the photographer _________?
A:) T.E. Hulme
B:) Robert Langbaum
C:) Anna Seward
D:) Walker Evans
D:) Walker Evans
8. The Bridge comprises 15 lyric poems of varying length and scope. In style, it mixes near-Pindaric declamatory metre, sprung metre, Elizabethan diction and demotic language at various points between alternating stanzas and the form of______ ?
A:) blank verse
B:) Ode
C:) lyric
D:) free verse
D:) free verse
9. The Brooklyn Bridge ; In terms of its acoustical coherence, it requires its reader, novelly, to follow both end-paused and non end-paused enjambments in a style Crane intended to be redolent of the flow of the Jazz or ____?
A:) Folk music
B:) Country music
C:) Classical music
D:) oldies
C:) Classical music
10. Harold Hart Crane (July 21, 1899 – April 27, 1932) was an American poet. Provoked and inspired by T. S. Eliot, Crane wrote modernist poetry that was difficult, highly stylized, and ambitious in its scope. In his most ambitious work, The Bridge, Crane sought to write an ________?
A:) Epic poem
B:) Narrative poem
C:) Elegy
D:) Blank Verse
A:) Epic poem
11. The Brooklyn Bridge ; After beginning with this ode, ‘Ave Maria’ begins the first longer sequence labeled Roman numeral I which describes Columbus' eastward return from his accidental voyage to the _______?
A:) Rome
B:) Americas
C:) Italy
D:) London
B:) Americas
12. Cummings was buried at Forest Hills Cemetery in Boston, Massachusetts. At the time of his death, Cummings was recognized as the 'second most widely read poet in the United States, after _______?
A:) Robert Frost
B:) Walt Whitman
C:) W.B. Yeats
D:) T.S. Eliot
A:) Robert Frost
13. The Brooklyn Bridge ;The title of the piece is based upon the fact that Columbus attributed his crew's survival across the Atlantic Ocean to ‘the intercession of the Virgin Mary.’ The second major section of the poem, ‘Powhatan's Daughter,’ is divided into five parts, and one well-known part, entitled _________?
A:) The Nature
B:) The Pond
C:) The Falls
D:) The River
D:) The River
14. The Brooklyn Bridge ;In ‘The River,’ Crane incorporates advertisements and references Minstrel shows. He claimed in a letter that ‘the rhythm [in this section] is jazz.’ The section also includes the story of Pocahontas (who was ‘Powhatan's Daughter’) and a section on the fictional character _______ ?
A:) Atticus Finch
B:) Sherlock Holmes
C:) Rip Van Winkle
D:) Jane Eyre
C:) Rip Van Winkle
15. Upon its publication, The Bridge received mostly negative reviews. Yvor Winters, a contemporary and friend of Crane's who had praised Crane's previous book, White Buildings, wrote one such review, in which he associated Crane's book with Modernist works by William Carlos Williams and____?
A:) James Joyce
B:) Ezra Pound
C:) Samuel Beckett
D:) William Butler Yeats
A:) James Joyce
16. Who wrote, ‘This poem seems to me indubitably the work of a man of genius, and it contains passages of compact imagination and compelling rhythms. But its central intention, to give to America a myth embodying a creed which may sustain us somewhat as Christianity has done in the past, the poem fails’?
A:) Cudworth Flint
B:) Nora Barnacle
C:) Franz Kafka
D:) Samuel Beckett
A:) Cudworth Flint
17. Critical consensus on The Bridge (and on Crane's status in the Modernist canon more broadly) still remains deeply divided. Some critics believe that The Bridge was Crane's crowning achievement, and that it is a masterpiece of American modernism. Who writes that ‘Hart Crane’s place in the Modernist pantheon is established by The Bridge ?
A:) Henry Miller
B:) Lucia Joyce
C:) Gregory Woods
D:) Oscar Wilde
C:) Gregory Woods
18. Randall Jarrell had much more mixed feelings about the lack of overall consistency in the epic, writing, ‘Hart Crane's The Bridge does not succeed as a unified work of art, partly because some of its poems are bad or mediocre. In an article , Who called The Bridge ’an impressive failure. . .[that] varies wildly in quality, containing some of Crane’s best writing and some of his worst’?
A:) Henry James
B:) George Orwell
C:) Ezra Pound
D:) Kirsch
D:) Kirsch
19. The Brooklyn Bridge is both the poem's central symbol and its poetic starting point. Crane left for Paris in early 1929, but failed to leave his personal problems behind. Hart had in prison at La Santé, Crosby paid Crane's fine and advanced him money for the passage back to the United States, Where he finally finished The Bridge. How many days he spend in Prison?
A:) five days
B:) Six days
C:) seven days
D:) eight days
B:) Six days
20. Hart had his sharp critics, among them Marianne Moore and Ezra Pound, Moore did publish his work, as did T. S. Eliot, who, moving even further out of Pound's sphere, may have borrowed some of Crane's imagery for Four Quartets, in the beginning of East Coker, which is reminiscent of the final section of ______?
A:) The Bridge
B:) Voyages
C:) The River
D:) A Pagan Anthology
C:) The River
21. E. E. Cumming’s poem ‘The Cambridge Ladies Who Lived in Furnished Souls,’ generally lampoons the behavior and way of life of the Cambridge girls. In fact, just by simply using the word ‘furnished’ in his title, Cumming made an ironic description of a group of ladies who more or less represent the aristocracy in _________?
A:) New America
B:) New York
C:) New England
D:) London
C:) New England
22. The Cambridge ladies ;It is notable that although the author did not directly state his feelings towards the Cambridge ladies and there is no explicit criticism of them, the images, language, and tone he used in the poem clearly portray that these ladies as fake and _________?
A:) superficial
B:) satirical
C:) Ironical
D:) beauty
A:) superficial
23. The Cambridge ladies ; Moreover, the fact that Cummings vividly emphasized, described, and illustrated the ladies behaviors in a satirical way means that he does like them in any way. Therefore, it can be surmised that poems was indirectly conveying in his poem exactly how the Cambridge ladies should _____?
A:) manner
B:) wit
C:) behave
D:) Emotional
C:) behave
24. The Cambridge ladies ; In the title and in the first line of the poem he described the Cambridge girls as living ‘in furnished souls’. In general, the definition of the word furnished is to be equipped especially with what is needed. Thus, in a sense, Cummings stated in the poem that the ladies’ souls or, more specifically, their identities are fabricated or_______?
A:) manufactured
B:) Unique
C:) furnished
D:) fake
A:) manufactured
25. The Cambridge ladies ; In the context of the time that poem was published, this also meant that like the Cambridge girls, aristocrats and other members of the so-called elite society live in a world that is only according to their norms. In the second line of the poem, Cummings also called the ladies as ‘unbeautiful and have comfortable minds’. By unbeautiful, the author meant that the Cambridge girls were not necessarily_____?
A:) fake
B:) ugly
C:) bad
D:) filthy
B:) ugly
26. The Cambridge ladies ; As the ladies were depicted as superficial and live in their own dimension and according to their own beliefs. While the author did not explicitly state that these ladies are dumb and mindless. In the subsequent lines, Cummings describes the Cambridge ladies’ minds as ‘unscented’ and _______?
A:) shapeless
B:) shapeful
C:) shameful
D:) invent
A:) shapeless
27. The Cambridge ladies ; By ridiculing the ladies’ behavior, he is also pointing out what he thinks is wrong with them and what is lacking in their personalities and attitudes. In effect, he is also indirectly implying how the girls should behave in their everyday lives. Over-all, Cummings entire poem was not only satirical but also had double meaning. His language is also very cynical and _____?
A:) satire
B:) ironic
C:) conventional
D:) classical
B:) ironic
28. Edward Estlin Cummings (October 14, 1894 – September 3, 1962), often styled as e e cummings, was an American poet, painter, essayist, author, and playwright. He wrote approximately 2,900 poems, four plays, and several essays, How many autobiographical novel he wrote?
A:) two
B:) three
C:) four
D:) five
A:) two
29. The Cambridge ladies ; Edward Estlin Cummings is often regarded as one of the most important American poets of the 20th century. Cummings is associated with modernist free-form poetry. Much of his work has uses lower-case spellings for poetic expression and idiosyncratic________?
A:) apostrophe
B:) metonymy
C:) allegory
D:) syntax
D:) syntax
30. The Cambridge ladies ; Despite Cummings's familiarity with avant-garde styles (likely affected by the Calligrammes of French poet Apollinaire, according to a contemporary observation, much of his work is quite traditional. Many of his poems are_______?
A:) ode
B:) epic
C:) sonnets
D:) lyrical
C:) sonnets