1. Tradition and the Individual Talent’ (1919) is an essay written by poet and literary critic T. S. Eliot. The essay was first published in The Egoist (1919) and later in Eliot's first book of criticism, ‘The Sacred Wood’ (1920). The essay is also available in Eliot's ____?
A:) Selected Prose
B:) The Hollow Men
C:) Collected Poems
D:) Burnt Norton
springline- Correct option: A:)Selected Prose
2. Eliot is most often known for his poetry, he also contributed to the field of literary criticism. In this dual role, he acted as a cultural critic, comparable to Sir Philip Sidney and _______?
A:) Wordsworth
B:) Samuel Taylor Coleridge
C:) John Keats
D:) Shakespeare
springline- Correct option: B:)Samuel Taylor Coleridge
3. Tradition and the Individual Talent’ is one of the more well known works that Eliot produced in his critic capacity. It formulates Eliot's influential conception of the relationship between the poet and preceding literary traditions. This essay is divided into three parts: first the concept of ______?
A:) Talent
B:) Prologue
C:) Tradition
D:) Impersonal Poetry
springline- Correct option: C:)Tradition
4. Eliot posits that, though the English tradition generally upholds the belief that art progresses through change – a separation from tradition, literary advancements are instead recognised only when they conform to the tradition. Eliot declare Which felt that the true incorporation of tradition into literature was unrecognised that tradition ?
A:) tradition
B:) classicist
C:) modern
D:) romantic
springline- Correct option: B:)classicist
5. For Eliot, the term ‘tradition’ is imbued with a special and complex character. It represents a ‘simultaneous order,’ by which Eliot means a historical timelessness – a fusion of past and present – and, at the same time, a sense of present temporality. A poet must embody ‘the whole of the literature of Europe from _____?
A:) Homer
B:) Horace
C:) Virgil
D:) Plato
springline- Correct option: A:)Homer
6. Eliot challenges the common perception that a poet's greatness and individuality lie in their departure from their predecessors; he argues that ‘the most individual parts of his [the poet's] work may be those in which the dead poets, his ancestors, assert their immortality most vigorously.’ Eliot claims that this Which sense’ is not only a resemblance to traditional works but an awareness and understanding of their relation to his poetry ?
A:) cultural
B:) religious
C:) traditional
D:) historical
springline- Correct option: D:)historical
7. The fidelity to tradition, however, does not require the great poet to forfeit novelty in an act of surrender to repetition. Rather, Eliot has a much more dynamic and progressive conception of the poetic process: novelty is possible only through tapping into tradition. When a poet engages in the creation of new work, they realise an aesthetic _____?
A:) traditional sense
B:) religious order
C:) ideal order
D:) truthful order
springline- Correct option: C:)ideal order
8. In Eliot’s own words, ‘What happens when a new work of art is created is something that happens simultaneously to all the works of art that preceded it.’ Eliot refers to this organic tradition, this developing canon, as the ‘mind of Europe.’ The private mind is subsumed by this more massive one. This leads to Eliot’s so-called ‘Impersonal Theory’ of _____?
A:) Poetry
B:) Prose
C:) Criticism
D:) Essay
springline- Correct option: A:)Poetry
9. The mature poet is viewed as a medium, through which tradition is channelled and elaborated. He compares the poet to a catalyst in a chemical reaction, in which the reactants are feelings and emotions that are synthesised to create an artistic image that captures and relays these same feelings and emotions. Who is responsible for creating ‘the pressure, so to speak, under which the fusion takes place ?
A:) The artist
B:) The Poet
C:) The Painter
D:) The Novelist
springline- Correct option: A:)The artist
10. Great works do not express the personal emotion of the poet. The poet does not reveal their own unique and novel emotions, but rather, by drawing on ordinary ones and channeling them through the intensity of poetry, they express feelings that surpass, altogether, experienced ________?
A:) thoughts
B:) nature
C:) emotion
D:) sensation
springline- Correct option: C:)emotion
11. The essay found in Selected Essays relates to this notion of the impersonal poet. In ‘Hamlet and His Problems‘ Eliot presents the phrase ‘objective correlative.’ The theory is that the expression of emotion in art can be achieved by a specific, and almost formulaic, prescription of a set of objects, including events and ________?
A:) truth
B:) emotion
C:) tradition
D:) situations
springline- Correct option: D:)situations
12. The conventional definition of talent, especially in the arts, is a genius that one is born with. Not so for Eliot. Instead, talent is acquired through a careful study of poetry, claiming that Tradition, ‘cannot be inherited, and if you want it, you must obtain it by great ________’?
A:) labour
B:) honor
C:) leader
D:) artist
springline- Correct option: A:)labour
13. Tradition and Individual Talent; The poet's study is unique – it is knowledge that ‘does not encroach,’ and that does not ‘deaden or pervert poetic sensibility.’ It is, to put it most simply, a poetic knowledge – knowledge observed through a poetic lens. This ideal implies that knowledge gleaned by a poet is not knowledge of facts, but knowledge which leads to a greater understanding of the mind of _______?
A:) London
B:) Europe
C:) Rome
D:) England
springline- Correct option: B:)Europe
14. Unwittingly, Eliot inspired and informed the movement of New Criticism. This is somewhat ironic, since he later criticised their intensely detailed analysis of texts as unnecessarily tedious. Yet, he does share with them the same focus on the aesthetic and stylistic qualities of poetry, rather than on its content of_____?
A:) nature
B:) imaginative
C:) ideological
D:) philosophical
springline- Correct option: C:)ideological
15. Eliot's theory of literary tradition has been criticised for its limited definition of what constitutes the canon of that tradition. He assumes the authority to choose what represents great poetry, and his choices have been criticised on several fronts. Who disagrees with Eliot's condescension towards Romantic poetry, which, in The Metaphysical Poets (1921) he criticises for its ‘dissociation of sensibility ?
A:) Harold Bloom
B:) F.L. Lewis
C:) George Peter
D:) T.S. Eliot
springline- Correct option: A:)Harold Bloom
16. Moreover, many believe Eliot's discussion of the literary tradition as the ‘mind of Europe’ reeks of Euro-centrism. However, it should be recognized that Eliot supported many Eastern and thus non-European works of literature such as the Mahabharata. Eliot was arguing the importance of a complete ____?
A:) Sensibility
B:) Traditional
C:) Emotional
D:) Religious
springline- Correct option: A:)Sensibility
17. The West has preoccupied itself almost exclusively with the philosophy and thoughts of India. T. S. Eliot is the one major poet whose work bears evidence of intercourse with this aspect of Indian culture’ (qtd. in The Composition of The Four Quartets). He does not account for a non-white and non-masculine tradition. As such, his notion of tradition stands at odds with feminist, post-colonial and ______?
A:) Traditional Literary Criticism
B:) minority theories
C:) Formalism
D:) trait theories
springline- Correct option: B:)minority theories
18. Who presents a conception of tradition that differs from that of Eliot and, Whereas Eliot believes that the great poet is faithful to his predecessors and evolves in a concordant manner, and also Whose envisions the ‘strong poet’ to engage in a much more aggressive and tumultuous rebellion against tradition?
A:) T.S. Eliot
B:) I.A. Richards
C:) Harold Bloom
D:) F.R. Leavis
springline- Correct option: C:)Harold Bloom
19. Eliot focused much of his creative energy on writing for the theatre; some of his earlier critical writing, in essays such as ‘Poetry and Drama’, ’Hamlet and his Problems’, and ‘The Possibility of a Poetic Drama’, focused on the aesthetics of writing drama in ____?
A:) Verse
B:) melody
C:) metaphysic
D:) lyrical
springline- Correct option: A:)Verse
20. Thomas Stearns Eliot was a poet, essayist, publisher, playwright, literary critic and editor. Considered one of the 20th century's major poets, he is a central figure in English-language Modernist poetry. Modernist poetry in English started in the early years of the 20th century with the appearance of the ______?
A:) sensibility
B:) emotion
C:) imagists
D:) tradition
springline- Correct option: C:)imagists
21. Eliot lived in St. Louis, Missouri for the first 16 years of his life at the house on Locust Street where he was born. After going away to school in 1905, he only returned to St. Louis for vacations and visits. Despite moving away from the city, Eliot wrote to Whom, that the ‘Missouri and the Mississippi have made a deeper impression on me than any other part of the world ?
A:) fellow poet
B:) friend
C:) niece
D:) brother
springline- Correct option: B:)friend
22. Though Eliot’s belief that ‘Poetry is not a turning loose of emotion, but an escape from emotion; it is not the expression of personality, but an escape from personality’ sprang from what he viewed as the excesses of Romanticism, many scholars have noted how continuous Eliot’s thought—and the whole of Modernism—is with that of the Romantics’; his ‘impersonal poet’ even has links with John Keats, who proposed a similar figure in ____?
A:) modern poet
B:) the chameleon poet
C:) the Metaphysical poet
D:) conventional poet
springline- Correct option: B:)the chameleon poet
23. Frank Kermode writes that the most important moment of Eliot's undergraduate career was in 1908 when he discovered Arthur Symons's The Symbolist Movement in Literature. The Harvard Advocate published some of his poems and he became lifelong friends with Conrad Aiken, he is the American____?
A:) poet
B:) critic
C:) artist
D:) lawyer
springline- Correct option: B:)critic
24. After working as a philosophy assistant at Harvard from 1909 to 1910, Eliot moved to Paris where, from 1910 to 1911, he studied philosophy at the Sorbonne. He attended lectures by Henri Bergson and read poetry with Henri Alban-Fournier. When he was back at Harvard and studying Indian philosophy and Sanskrit ?
A:) 1910 to 1912
B:) 1911 to 1914
C:) 1912 to 1914
D:) 1914 to 1916
springline- Correct option: B:)1911 to 1914
25. After leaving Merton, Eliot worked as a schoolteacher, most notably at Highgate School in London, where he taught French and Latin: his students included John Betjeman. On a trip to Paris in August 1920 with the artist Wyndham Lewis, he met the writer ____?
A:) William Blake
B:) John Keats
C:) James Joyce
D:) Sylvia Plath
springline- Correct option: C:) James Joyce
26. On 29 June 1927, Eliot converted to Anglicanism from Unitarianism, and in November that year he took British citizenship. He became a churchwarden of his parish church, St Stephen's, Gloucester Road, London, and a life member of the Society of King Charles the Martyr. He specifically identified as Anglo-Catholic, proclaiming himself ‘classicist in literature, royalist in ________?
A:) politics
B:) religion
C:) Poetry
D:) Prose
springline- Correct option: A:) politics
27. Eliot died of emphysema at his home in Kensington in London, on 4 January 1965, and was cremated at Golders Green Crematorium. In accordance with his wishes, his ashes were taken to St Michael and All Angels' Church, East Coker, the village in Somerset from which his Eliot ancestors had emigrated to America. A wall plaque in the church commemorates him with a quotation from his poem _____?
A:) East Coker
B:) Prelude
C:) Ash Wednesday
D:) The Waste Land
springline- Correct option: A:)East Coker
28. In Eliot critical essay ‘Tradition and the Individual Talent‘, Eliot argues that art must be understood not in a vacuum, but in the context of previous pieces of art. This essay was an important influence over the New Criticism by introducing the idea that the value of a work of art must be viewed in the context of the artist's previous works, a ‘simultaneous order’ of works .Eliot himself employed this concept on many of his works, especially on his poem __?
A:) Burnt Norton
B:) The Waste Land
C:) Prelude
D:) The Hollow Men
springline- Correct option: B:)The Waste Land
29. Who once said, ‘I do not know for certain how much of my own mind [Eliot] invented, let alone how much of it is a reaction against him or indeed a consequence of misreading him. He is a very penetrating influence, perhaps not unlike the east wind ?
A:) Harold Bloom
B:) Samuel Johnson
C:) William Empson
D:) Mathew Arnold
springline- Correct option: C:)William Empson
30. Eliot was also frequently criticized for a deadening neoclassicism (as he himself—perhaps just as unfairly—had criticized Milton). However, the multifarious tributes from practicing poets of many schools published during his centenary in 1988 was a strong indication of the intimidating continued presence of his ____?
A:) Poetical voice
B:) religious voice
C:) traditional
D:) political voice
springline- Correct option: A:)Poetical voice