1. A Defence of Poetry’ is an essay by the English poet Percy Bysshe Shelley, written in 1821 and first published posthumously in 1840 in Essays, Letters from Abroad, Translations and Fragments by Edward Moxon in ______?
A:) England
B:) Italy
C:) London
D:) Britain
springline- Correct option: C:)London
2. Defence of Poetry was eventually published, with some edits by John Hunt, posthumously by Shelley's wife Mary Shelley in 1840 in Essays, Letters from Abroad, Translations and Fragments. The essay was written in response to his friend Thomas Love Peacock's article ‘The Four Ages of Poetry’, which had been published in _______?
A:) 1816
B:) 1817
C:) 1818
D:) 1820
springline- Correct option: D:)1820
3. Shelley’s argument for poetry in his critical essay is written within the context of Romanticism. Who is a poet, essayist, and translator, wrote in his essay ‘Sir Philip Sidney’ that Shelley's ‘beautifully written Defence of Poetry’ is a work which ‘analyses the very inner essence of poetry and the reason of its existence, – its development from, and operation on, the mind of man’ ?
A:) William Stigant
B:) Thomas Gray
C:) John Betjeman
D:) George Herbert
springline- Correct option: A:)William Stigant
4. A Defence of Poetry; Aesthetic admiration of ‘the true and the beautiful’ is provided with an important social aspect which extends beyond communication and precipitates self-awareness. Poetry and the various modes of art it incorporates are directly involved with the social activities of life. Shelley nominated unlikely figures such as _______?
A:) Horace
B:) T.S. Eliot
C:) Plato
D:) Socrates
springline- Correct option: C:)Plato
5. A Defence of Poetry; Social and linguistic order are not the sole products of the rational faculty, as language is ‘arbitrarily produced by the imagination’ and reveals ‘the before unapprehended relations of things and perpetuates their apprehension’ of a higher beauty and ______?
A:) religion
B:) truth
C:) immortality
D:) morality
springline- Correct option: B:)truth
6. Shelley's conclusive remark that ‘poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world’ suggests his awareness of ‘the profound ambiguity inherent in linguistic means, which he considers at once as an instrument of intellectual freedom and social subjugation and vehicle for _____?
A:) Political
B:) scientific
C:) Literature
D:) Religious
springline- Correct option: A:)Political
7. The social function or utility of poets is that they create and maintain the norms and mores of a society. ‘Shelley was mainly concerned to explain the moral (and thus the social) function of poetry. He produced one of the most penetrating general discussions on poetry that we have’, Whose notion is this?
A:) John Ruskin
B:) David Perkins
C:) Robert Hughes
D:) Edward Said
springline- Correct option: B:)David Perkins
8. Percy Bysshe Shelley was born to a wealthy family in Sussex, England. He attended Eton and Oxford, where he was expelled for writing a pamphlet championing atheism. Shelley married twice before he drowned in a sailing accident in Italy at the age of ______?
A:) 27
B:) 28
C:) 29
D:) 31
springline- Correct option: C:)29
9. To Shelley, poetry is utilitarian, as it brings civilization by ‘awaken[ing] and enlarg[ing] the mind itself by rendering it the receptacle of a thousand unapprehended combinations of thought. Poetry lifts the veil from the hidden beauty of the world.’ Shelley also addresses drama and the critical history of poetry through the ages, beginning with the classical period, moving through the __________?
A:) Romantic Period
B:) Georgian era
C:) Edwardian era
D:) Christian era
springline- Correct option: D:)Christian era
10. Poetry, in a general sense, may be defined to be ‘the expression of the imagination’: and poetry is connate with the origin of man. Who is an instrument over which a series of external and internal impressions are driven ?
A:) Poet
B:) man
C:) Philosopher
D:) nature lover
springline- Correct option: B:)man
11. A Defence of Poetry; The produces not melody alone, but harmony, by an internal adjustment of the sounds or motions thus excited to the impressions which excite them. It is as if the lyre could accommodate its chords to the motions of that which strikes them, in a determined proportion of sound; even as the musician can accommodate his voice to the sound of the lyre. Who at play by themselves will express their delight by their voice and motions ?
A:) musician
B:) man
C:) children
D:) poets
springline- Correct option: C:)children
12. A Defence of Poetry; Man in society, with all his passions and his pleasures, next becomes the object of the passions and pleasures of man; an additional class of emotions produces an augmented treasure of expressions; and language, gesture, and the imitative arts, become at once the representation and the medium, the pencil and the picture, the chisel and the statute, the chord and the _______?
A:) harmony
B:) rhythm
C:) music
D:) lyric
springline- Correct option: A:)harmony
13. A Defence of Poetry; For there is a certain order or rhythm belonging to each of these classes of mimetic representation, from which the hearer and the spectator receive an intenser and purer pleasure than from any other: the sense of an approximation to this order has been called taste by_____?
A:) ancient writers
B:) romantic writers
C:) modern writers
D:) Classical Critics
springline- Correct option: C:)modern writers
14. The Keats-Shelley Memorial Association, founded in 1903, supports the Keats-Shelley House in Rome which is a museum and library dedicated to the Romantic writers with a strong connection with ______?
A:) Rome
B:) Italy
C:) France
D:) England
springline- Correct option: B:)Italy
15. William Owen Jones argues that Shelley's advocacy of vegetarianism was strikingly modern, emphasising its health benefits, the alleviation of animal suffering, the inefficient use of agricultural land involved in animal husbandry, and the economic inequality resulting from the commercialisation of animal food production. Shelley's life and works inspired the founding of the Vegetarian Society in _____?
A:) England
B:) Rome
C:) Italy
D:) London
springline- Correct option: A:)England
16. A Defence of Poetry; The poets, or those who imagine and express the indestructible order, are not only the authors of language and of music, of the dance, and architecture, and statuary, and painting: they are the institutors of laws, and the founders of civil society, and the inventors of the arts of life, and the teachers, who draw into a certain propinquity with the beautiful and the true that partial apprehension of the agencies of the invisible world which is called ________?
A:) Liberty
B:) Love
C:) Nature
D:) Religion
springline- Correct option: D:) Religion
17. A Defence of Poetry; All original religions are allegorical, or susceptible of allegory, and, like Janus, have a double face of false and true. Poets, according to the circumstances of the age and nation in which they appeared, were called, in the earlier epochs of the world, legislators, or _____?
A:) nature lover
B:) rhymer
C:) prophets
D:) Parnassian
springline- Correct option: C:)prophets
18. A Defence of Poetry; A poet participates in the eternal, the infinite, and the one; as far as relates to his conceptions, time and place and number are not. The grammatical forms which express the moods of time, and the difference of persons, and the distinction of place, are convertible with respect to the highest poetry without injuring it as poetry; and the examples to this facts were ; the choruses of Aeschylus, and the book of Job, and Dante’s ______?
A:) The Divine Comedy
B:) The Banquet
C:) Ends and Means
D:) Paradise
springline- Correct option: D:)Paradise
19. A Defence of Poetry; Language, color, form, and religious and civil habits of action, are all the instruments and materials of poetry; they may be called poetry by that figure of speech which considers the effect as a synonym of the cause. But poetry in a more restricted sense expresses those arrangements of language, and especially ______?
A:) metrical language
B:) Style of language
C:) forms
D:) diction
springline- Correct option: A:)metrical language
20. A Defence of Poetry; The fame of sculptors, painters, and musicians, although the intrinsic powers of the great masters of these arts may yield in no degree to that of those who have employed language as the hieroglyphic of their thoughts, has never equalled that of poets in the restricted sense of the term; as two performers of equal skill will produce unequal effects from a guitar and _______?
A:) a harp
B:) a Cornet
C:) Violin
D:) Piano
springline- Correct option: A:)a harp
21. When Shelley completed ‘A Defence of Poetry‘, a response to Peacock's article ‘The Four Ages of Poetry’. Shelley's essay, with its famous conclusion ‘Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world’, remained unpublished in his lifetime ?
A:) June 1821
B:) May 1821
C:) April 1821
D:) March 1821
springline- Correct option: D:)March 1821
22. A Defence of Poetry; The distinction between poets and prose writers is a vulgar error. The distinction between philosophers and poets has been anticipated. Who was essentially a poet—the truth and splendor of his imagery, and the melody of his language, are the most intense that it is possible to conceive ?
A:) Horace
B:) Philip Sidney
C:) Plato
D:) Dante
springline- Correct option: C:)Plato
23. A Defence of Poetry; Who was a poet and his language has a sweet and majestic rhythm, which satisfies the sense, no less than the almost superhuman wisdom of his philosophy satisfies the intellect; it is a strain which distends, and then bursts the circumference of the reader’s mind, and pours itself forth together with it into the universal element with which it has perpetual sympathy ?
A:) Lord Byron
B:) Lord Bacon
C:) Plato
D:) Philip Sidney
springline- Correct option: B:)Lord Bacon
24. A Defence of Poetry; Which destroys the beauty and the use of the story of particular facts, stripped of the poetry which should invest them, augments that of poetry, and forever develops new and wonderful applications of the eternal truth which it contains ?
A:) Religion
B:) Liberty
C:) Time
D:) Sympathy
springline- Correct option: C:)Time
25. A Defence of Poetry; The great historians, Herodotus, Plutarch, Livy, were poets; and although the plan of these writers. They made copious and ample amends for their subjection, by filling all the interstices of their subjects with living images. Who restrained them from developing this faculty in its highest degree ?
A:) Plato
B:) Plutarch
C:) Herodotus
D:) Livy
springline- Correct option: D:)Livy
26. Shelley and Byron then took a boating tour around Lake Geneva, which inspired Shelley to write his ‘Hymn to Intellectual Beauty‘, his first substantial poem since Alastor. During this tour, Shelley often signed guest books with a declaration that he was an _______?
A:) Poet
B:) Moralist
C:) atheist
D:) Romantic Poet
springline- Correct option: C:)atheist
27. A Defence of Poetry; A poet is a nightingale, who sits in darkness and sings to cheer its own solitude with sweet sounds; his auditors are as men entranced by the melody of an unseen musician, who feel that they are moved and softened. Who embodied the ideal perfection of his age in human character ?
A:) Horace
B:) Homer
C:) Plato
D:) Aeschylus
springline- Correct option: B:)Homer
28. A Defence of Poetry; In spite of the narrow conditions to which the poet was subjected by the ignorance of the philosophy of the drama which has prevailed in modern Europe. Calderon, in his religious autos, has attempted to fulfil some of the high conditions of dramatic representation neglected by ______?
A:) Chaucer
B:) Spenser
C:) Wordsworth
D:) Shakespeare
springline- Correct option: D:)Shakespeare
29. P.B. Shelley; Twentieth-century critics such as Eliot, Leavis, Allen Tate and Auden variously criticised Shelley's poetry for deficiencies in style, ‘repellent’ ideas, and immaturity of intellect and sensibility. However, Shelley's critical reputation arose from the 1960s as a new generation of critics highlighted Shelley's debt to Spenser and _____?
A:) Milton
B:) Dryden
C:) Shakespeare
D:) Wordsworth
springline- Correct option: A:)Milton
30. A Defence of Poetry; Homer was the first epic Poet. Who was the second epic poet and that is, the second poet, the series of whose creations bore a defined and intelligible relation to the knowledge and sentiment and religion of the age in which he lived, and of the ages which followed it, developing itself in correspondence with their development ?
A:) Aeschylus
B:) Horace
C:) Dante
D:) Homer
springline- Correct option: C:)Dante