1. In the Western world, the development and evolution of poetics featured three artistic movements concerned with poetical composition: (i) the formalist, the objectivist, and (iii) the _____
A:) platonien
B:) Chaucerian
C:) Aristotelian
D:) Horace
springline- Correct option: C:) Aristotelian
2. Poetics is the theory of literary forms and literary discourse The term poetics derives from the Ancient Greek ποιητικός poietikos ’pertaining to poetry’; also ‘creative’ and ____?
A:) imitative
B:) sensitive
C:) informative
D:) productive
springline- Correct option: d) productive
3. Twentieth-century poetics returned to the Aristotelian paradigm, followed by trends toward meta-criticality, and the establishment of a contemporary theory of poetics. Eastern poetics developed lyric poetry, rather than the representational mimetic poetry of the _______?
A:) Literary World
B:) Western world
C:) Poetical world
D:) Political World
springline- Correct option: B:) Western world
4. The English word epic comes from the Latin epicus, which itself comes from the Ancient Greek adjective (epikos), from ἔπος (epos), ’word, story, poem.’ In ancient Greek, 'epic' could refer to all poetry in dactylic hexameter (epeA:), which included not only Homer but also the wisdom poetry of Hesiod, the utterances of the Delphic oracle, and the strange theological verses attributed to_____
A:) Orpheus
B:) Homer
C:) Euripides
D:) Solon
springline- Correct option: A:) Orpheus
5. The oldest epic recognized is the Epic of Gilgamesh (c.2500–1300 BCE), which was recorded in ancient Sumer during the Neo-Sumerian Empire. The poem details the exploits of Gilgamesh, the king of____
A:) Phillip II
B:) Uruk
C:) Leonidas I
D:) Alexander IV
springline- Correct option: B:) Uruk
6. Although recognized as a historical figure, Gilgamesh, Epic poems of the modern era include Derek Walcott’s Omeros and Adam Mickiewicz's Pan Tadeusz. Paterson by William Carlos Williams published in five volumes from 1946 to 1958, was inspired in part by another modern epic, The Cantos by ____
A:) Ezra Pound
B:) Emerson
C:) Alexander Pope
D:) Spenser
springline- Correct option: A:) Ezra Pound
7. A sonnet is a poetic form which originated in the Italian poetry composed at the Court of the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II in Palermo, Sicily. The 13th-century poet and notary Giacomo da Lentini is credited with the sonnet's invention for expressing ____
A:) Courtly love
B:) country love
C:) Poetical love
D:) Political love
springline- Correct option: B:) country love
8. The Sicilian School of poets who surrounded him at the Emperor's Court are credited with its spread. The earliest sonnets, however, no longer survive in the original Sicilian language, but only after being translated into ____
A:) Kentish
B:) West Midlands
C:) Tuscan dialect
D:) Anglo- Cornish
springline- Correct option: C:) Tuscan dialect
9. The term sonnet is derived from the Italian word sonetto (lit. ‘little song’, derived from the Latin word sonus, meaning a sound). By the 13th century it signified a poem of fourteen lines that follows a very strict rhyme scheme and structure. According to Whom, during the Renaissance, the sonnet was the ‘choice mode of expressing romantic love?
A:) A.W. Von Schlegel
B:) Dorothy Wordsworth
C:) Christopher Blum
D:) Robert Southey
springline- Correct option: C:) Christopher Blum
10. Guittone d'Arezzo (c. 1235–1294) rediscovered the sonnet form and brought it to Tuscany where he adapted it to his language when he founded the Siculo-Tuscan School, or Guittonian school of poetry (1235–1294). He wrote almost 250 sonnets. Other Italian poets of the time, including Dante Alighieri (1265–1321) and Guido Cavalcanti (c. 1250–1300), wrote sonnets, but the most famous early sonneteer was______
A:) Virgil
B:) Petrarch
C:) Homer
D:) Horace
springline- Correct option: B:) Petrarch
11. An ode is a type of lyrical stanza. It is an elaborately structured poem praising or glorifying an event or individual, describing nature intellectually as well as emotionally. A classic ode is structured in three major parts: the strophe, the antistrophe, and ________?
A:) the epode
B:) the epic
C:) melodrama
D:) mock epic
springline- Correct option: A:) the epode
12. Greek odes were originally poetic pieces performed with musical accompaniment. As time passed on, they gradually became known as personal lyrical compositions whether sung (with or without musical instruments) or merely recited (always with accompaniment). The primary instruments used were the aulos and ______?
A:) the lyre
B:) the harp
C:) the string
D:) percussion
springline- Correct option: A:) the lyre
13. There are three typical forms of odes: the Pindaric, Horatian, and irregular. Pindaric odes follow the form and style of Pindar. Horatian odes follow conventions of Horace; the odes of Horace deliberately imitated the Greek lyricists such as Alcaeus and______?
A:) Homer
B:) Anacreon
C:) Solon
D:) Parmenides
springline- Correct option: B:) Anacreon
14. In the 17th century, the most important original odes in English were by Abraham Cowley. These were iambic, but had irregular line length patterns and rhyme schemes. Cowley based the principle of his Pindariques on an apparent misunderstanding of Pindar's metrical practice but, nonetheless, others widely imitated his style, with notable success by ________?
A:) John Dryden
B:) John Milton
C:) Wordsworth
D:) Andrew Marvell
springline- Correct option: A:) John Dryden
15. Perhaps the greatest odes of the 19th century, however, were Keats's Five Great Odes of 1819, which included ‘Ode to a Nightingale‘, ‘Ode on Melancholy‘, ‘Ode on a Grecian Urn‘, ‘Ode to Psyche‘, and ‘To Autumn‘. After Keats, there have been comparatively few major odes in English. One major exception is the fourth verse of the poem For the Fallen by _______?
A:) John Clare
B:) Laurence Binyon
C:) Leigh Hunt
D:) Hannah More
springline- Correct option: B:) Laurence Binyon
16. Haiku originated as an opening part of a larger Japanese poem called renga. These haiku written as an opening stanza were known as hokku and over time writers began to write them as their own stand-alone poems. Haiku was given its current name by the Japanese writer Masaoka Shiki at the end of the _____
A:) 16th Century
B:) 17th Century
C:) 18th Century
D:) 19th Century
springline- Correct option: d) 19th Century
17. Free verse is an open form of poetry, which in its modern form arose through the French vers libre form. Donald Hall goes as far as to say that ‘the form of free verse is as binding and as liberating as the form of a rondeau,’ and Who wrote, ‘No verse is free for the man who wants to do a good job ?
A:) Walt Whitman
B:) T. S. Eliot
C:) Andrew Marvell
D:) Abraham Cowley
springline- Correct option: B:) T. S. Eliot
18. Kenneth Allott, the poet and critic, said the adoption by some poets of verse libre arose from ‘mere desire for novelty, the imitation of Whitman, the study of Jacobean dramatic blank verse, and the awareness of what French poets had already done to the alexandrine in ____?
A:) France
B:) Italy
C:) Roman
D:) England
springline- Correct option: A:) France
19. Vers libre is a free-verse poetic form of flexibility, complexity, and naturalnes created in the late 19th century in France, in 1886. In Welsh poetry, however, the term has a completely different meaning. According to Whom ‘When Welsh poets speak of Free Verse, they mean forms like the sonnet or the ode, which obey the same rules as English poesy?
A:) Hannah More
B:) Jan Morris
C:) William Blake
D:) Charles Lamb
springline- Correct option: B:) Jan Morris
20. In English literature, Augustan poetry is a branch of Augustan literature, and refers to the poetry of the 18th century, specifically the first half of the century. The term comes most originally from a term that Who used it for himself?
A:) George I
B:) George II
C:) George III
D:) George IV
springline- Correct option: A:) George I
21. In the Augustan era, poets were more conversant with the writings of each other than were the contemporary novelists (see Augustan prose). In the early part of the century, there was a great struggle over the nature and role of the pastoral, primarily between Ambrose Philips and ______?
A:) Alexander Pope
B:) Wordsworth
C:) Emerson
D:) Ezra Pound
springline- Correct option: A:) Alexander Pope
22. In 1724, Philips would update poetry again by writing a series of odes dedicated to ‘all ages and characters, from Walpole, the steerer of the realm, to Miss Pulteney in the nursery’. Who was one of the best at satirizing these poems, and his Namby Pamby became a hugely successful obliteration of Philips and Philips's endeavor?
A:) Mary Robinson
B:) Henry Carey
C:) Charles Dickens
D:) Alfred Tennyson
springline- Correct option: B:) Henry Carey
23. The Black Mountain poets, sometimes called projectivist poets, were a group of mid-20th-century American avant-garde or postmodern poets centered on Black Mountain College in North Carolina. Creeley worked as a teacher and editor of the Black Mountain Review for two years, moving to San Francisco in ______?
A:) 1956
B:) 1957
C:) 1958
D:) 1959
springline- Correct option: B:) 1957
24. Since the 19th century, literary scholarship includes literary theory and considerations of intellectual history, moral philosophy, social prophecy, and interdisciplinary themes relevant to how people interpret meaning. In the humanities in modern academia, the latter style of literary scholarship is an offshoot of ____?
A:) post-structuralism
B:) structuralism
C:) colonialism
D:) literary theory
springline- Correct option: A:) post-structuralism
25. The aesthetic theories of philosophers from ancient philosophy through the 18th and 19th centuries are important influences on current literary study. However, the modern sense of ‘literary theory’ only dates to approximately the 1950s when the structuralist linguistics of Ferdinand de Saussure began to strongly influence English language _______?
A:) literature
B:) literary criticism
C:) literary theory
D:) literary forms
springline- Correct option: C:) literary theory
26. As a literary device or artistic form, an allegory is a narrative or visual representation in which a character, place, or event can be interpreted to represent a hidden meaning with moral or political significance. Many allegories use ?
A:) Simile
B:) personification
C:) metaphor
D:) onomatopoeia
springline- Correct option: B:) personification
27. Northrop Frye discussed what he termed a ‘continuum of allegory’, a spectrum that ranges from what he termed the ‘naive allegory’ of the likes of The Faerie Queene, to the more private allegories of modern _____?
A:) Literary criticism
B:) American Literature
C:) Literary theory
D:) paradox literature
springline- Correct option: C:) paradox literature
28. A figure of speech or rhetorical figure is a word or phrase that entails an intentional deviation from ordinary language use in order to produce a rhetorical effect. Figures of speech are traditionally classified into schemes, which vary the ordinary sequence or pattern of words, and ___?
A:) tropes
B:) forms
C:) diction
D:) meter
springline- Correct option: A:) tropes
29. In the arts, a literary allusion puts the alluded text in a new context under which it assumes new meanings and denotations. It is not possible to predetermine the nature of all the new meanings and inter-textual patterns that an allusion will generate. Literary allusion is closely related to parody and_____?
A:) Meter
B:) pastiche
C:) Allegory
D:) Rhythm
springline- Correct option: B:) pastiche
30. The Aestheticians identified three major genres: epic poetry, lyric poetry and dramatic poetry, treating comedy and tragedy as subgenres of dramatic poetry. Aristotle's work was influential throughout the Middle East during the Islamic Golden Age, as well as in Europe during ______?
A:) Modern age
B:) Reformation
C:) Middle age
D:) Renaissance
springline- Correct option: d) Renaissance